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Lauren Bacall (, born Betty Joan Perske; September 16, 1924 – August 12, 2014) was an American actress known for her distinctive voice and sultry looks. She was named the 20th greatest female star of Classic Hollywood cinema by the American Film Institute, and received an Academy Honorary Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 2009, "in recognition of her central place in the Golden Age of motion pictures."〔 Bacall began her career as a model, before making her debut as a leading lady with Humphrey Bogart in the film ''To Have and Have Not'' in 1944. She continued in the film noir genre with appearances with Bogart in ''The Big Sleep'' (1946), ''Dark Passage'' (1947), and ''Key Largo'' (1948), and starred in the romantic comedies ''How to Marry a Millionaire'' (1953) with Marilyn Monroe and ''Designing Woman'' (1957) with Gregory Peck. She co-starred with John Wayne in his final film, ''The Shootist'' (1976). Bacall also worked on Broadway in musicals, earning Tony Awards for ''Applause'' (1970) and ''Woman of the Year'' (1981). Her performance in ''The Mirror Has Two Faces'' (1996) earned her a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award nomination. A month before her 90th birthday, Bacall died in New York City after a stroke. ==Early life== Bacall was born Betty Joan Perske on September 16, 1924, in The Bronx, New York, the only child of Natalie, née Weinstein-Bacal (1901–1977), a secretary who later legally changed her surname to Bacall, and William Perske, who worked in sales.〔(Lauren Bacall profile ), Film Reference.com; retrieved July 9, 2014.〕 Both her parents were Jewish. According to Bacall, her mother immigrated from the Kingdom of Romania through Ellis Island, and her father was born in New Jersey, to parents who were born in an area of Poland which was referred to as Vistula Land, in the Russian Empire.〔Bacall, Lauren. ''By Myself and Then Some'', HarperCollins, New York, 2005. ISBN 0-06-075535-0〕 Soon after her birth, Bacall's family moved to Brooklyn's Ocean Parkway. She was educated with the financial support of her wealthy uncles at a private boarding school founded by philanthropist Eugene Heitler Lehman, named The Highland Manor Boarding School for Girls, in Tarrytown, New York, and at Julia Richman High School in Manhattan. Through her father, she was a relative of Shimon Peres (born Szymon Perski), the ninth President of Israel. Peres has stated, "In 1952 or 1953 I came to New York... Lauren Bacall called me, said that she wanted to meet, and we did. We sat and talked about where our families came from, and discovered that we were from the same family... but I'm not exactly sure what our relation is... It was she who later said that she was my cousin, I didn't say that".〔 Her parents divorced when she was five; she later took the Romanian form of her mother's last name, Bacall. She no longer saw her father and formed a very close bond with her mother, who remarried to Lee Goldberg and came to live in California after Bacall became a movie star. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lauren Bacall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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